As of April, 2009 there are a total of 20 refineries in the country comprising 17 (seventeen) in the Public Sector and 3 (three) in the Private Sector.
The country is not only self sufficient in refining capacity for its domestic consumption but also exports petroleum products substantially. The total refining capacity in the country as on 1.10.2009 stands at 179.956 MMTPA (Million Metric Tonnes per Annum).
1.Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOC), Guwahati, Assam (1.00 MMTPA)
2.IOC, Barauni, Bihar, (6.00 MMTPA)
3.IOC, Koyali, Vadodara, Gujarat (13.70 MMTPA)
4.IOC, Haldia, West Bengal (6.00 MMTPA)
5.IOC, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh (8.00 MMTPA)
6.IOC, Digboi, Assam (0.65 MMTPA)
7.IOC, Panipat, Haryana (12.00 MMTPA)
8.IOC, Bongaigaon, Assam (2.35 MMTPA)
9.Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Limited (HPCL),Mumbai, Maharashtra (5.50 MMTPA)
10.HPCL, Visakh, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh (7.50 MMTPA)
11.Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited (BPCL), Mumbai, Maharashtra (12.00 MMTPA)
12.BPCL, Kochi, Kerala (9.50 MMTPA)
13.Chennai Petroleum Corporation Limited (CPCL), Manali, Tamil Nadu (9.50 MMTPA)
14.CPCL, Nagapattnam, Tamil Nadu (1.00 MMTPA)
15.Numaligarh Refinery Ltd.(NRL), Numaligarh, Assam, (3.00 MMTPA)
16.Mangalore Refinery & Petrochemicals Ltd. (MRPL), Mangalore, Karnataka (9.69 MMTPA)
17.Tatipaka Refinery (ONGC), Tatipaka, Andhra Pradesh (0.066 MMTPA)
18.Reliance Industries Ltd. (RIL); Private Sector; Jamnagar, Gujarat (33.00 MMTPA)
19.Reliance Petroleum Limited (SEZ); Private Sector; Jamnagar, Gujarat (29.00 MMTPA)
20.Essar Oil Limited (EOL); Private Sector; Jamnagar, Gujarat (10.50 MMTPA)
Total Public Sector: 107.456 MMTPA
Total Private Sector: 72.5 MMTPA
TOTAL: 179.956 MMTPA
NEW REFINERIES:
New grassroots refineries coming up during the XIth Five Year Plan are:
1.Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL), Paradip, Orissa (15 MMTPA)
2.Bharat Oman Refineries Limited (BORL), Bina, Madhya Pradesh (6 MMTPA)
3.Hindustan Mittal Energy Limited (HMEL), Bathinda, Punjab (9 MMTPA)
4.Essar Oil Limited, (EOL), Jamnagar, Gujarat (18 MMTPA)
5.Nagarjuna Oil Corporation Limited (NOCL), Cuddalore, Tamil Nadu (6 MMTPA)
TOTAL: 54 MMTPA
BRIEF DESCRIPTIONS OF THE REFINERIES:
*Guwahati Refinery, (Assam) Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL):
Guwahati Refinery, the first in public sector, was set up in collaboration with Rumania at a cost of Rs. 17.29 crores and commissioned on 1st January, 1962 with design capacity of 0.75 MMTPA.
The present capacity of the Refinery is 1.00 MMTPA. Hydrotreater Unit for improving the quality of diesel has been installed and commissioned in 2002.
The refinery has also installed in 2003 Indmax Unit, a novel technology developed by IOCL R&D Centre for upgrading heavy ends to LPG, motor spirit and diesel oil. Project for Motor Spirit Quality Upgradation is under implementation at present for meeting Motor Spirit quality requirements
*Barauni Refinery, (Bihar) Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL):
Barauni Refinery in Eastern India was built in collaboration with the Soviet Union at a cost of Rs. 49.4 crores and went on stream in July, 1964.
By 1969, capacity was expanded to 3.0 MMTPA and further augmented to 4.2 MMTPA in 2000. A Catalytic Reformer Unit (CRU) was also added to the refinery in 1997 for production of unleaded motor spirit.
The refining capacity was further increased to 6 MMTPA in 2002 with the implementation of Barauni Refinery Expansion project, which also included Residue Fluidized Catalytic Cracking Unit (RFCCU) and Diesel Hydrotreating Unit (DHDT). Currently MS Quality Upgradation project is under implementation for meeting Motor Spirit quality requirements.
*Koyali Refinery- (Gujarat) Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL):
The Gujarat Refinery was built with Soviet assistance at a cost of Rs.26.00 crores and went on stream in October, 1965.
The Refinery had an initial capacity of 2 MMTPA and was designed to process crude from Ankleshwar, Kalol and Nawagam oilfields of Oil & Natural Gas Commission in Gujarat.
In September, 1967, the capacity of the Refinery was expanded to 3 MMTPA. The capacity of the Refinery was further increased to 4.3 MMTPA through debottlenecking measures and to 7.3 MMTPA in October, 1978 by implementing an expansion project of Rs.56.07 crores. With the implementation of additional processing facilities, the Refinery could achieve capacity of 9.5 MMTPA in 1989.
To match secondary processing capacity in line with crude processing capacity, Hydrocracking unit (HCU) was commissioned in Dec’ 1993 .The refining capacity was further expanded to 12.5 MMTPA with commissioning of 3.0 MMTPA CDU in September, 1999. For meeting diesel quality norms DHDS unit was installed and commissioned in June’ 1999.
The present refining capacity of this refinery is 13.70 MMTPA. A Linear Alkyl Benzene (LAB) plant was commissioned in Aug’ 2004 for conversion of Kerosene to high value product. In order to meet Motor Spirit quality requirement, CCRU plant was commissioned in Oct’ 2006.
At present, Residue Upgradation project comprising of Coker, VGO Hydrotreater, Diesel Hydrotreater and Isomerisation Unit is under implementation for upgrading heavy residue to fuel products and to meet Motor Spirit and Diesel quality requirements.
*Haldia Refinery- (West Bengal) Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL):
The Haldia Refinery for processing 2.5 MMTPA of Middle East crude was commissioned in January, 1975 with two sectors- one for producing fuel products and other for Lube base stocks.
The fuel sector was built with French collaboration and the Lube sector with Romanian collaboration. The refining capacity of the Refinery was increased to 2.75 MMTPA in 1989 through debottlenecking measures. The refining capacity was further expanded to 3.75 MMTPA with the commissioning of new crude distillation unit of 1.0 MMTPA in March, 1997.
The present refining capacity of this refinery is 6.00 MMTPA. Diesel Hydro-desulphurization (DHDS) unit was commissioned for meeting diesel quality in Sep’ 1999.
Catalytic De-waxing unit was commissioned in March 2003 which can produce API Group-II Lube base stock and first of its kind in India. Residue Fluidized catalytic Cracker Init (RFCCU) was commissioned in Sept’ 2001 as additional secondary processing unit.
MS Quality Upgradation project was commissioned in Oct’ 2005 for meeting quality requirement for Motor Spirit.
At present Once through Hydrocracker (OHCU) project is under implementation for improvement in diesel quality and distillate yield along with refinery capacity expansion from 6.0 MMTPA to 7.5 MMTPA.
*Mathura Refinery – (Uttar Pradesh) Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL):
The Mathura Refinery with capacity of 6.00 MMTPA was set up at a cost of RS.253.92 crores. The Refinery was commissioned in January, 1982 excluding FCCU and Sulphur Recovery Units which were commissioned in Jan, 1983.
The refining capacity of this refinery was expanded to 7.5 MMTPA in 1989 by debottlenecking and revamping. A DHDS Unit was commissioned in 1989 for production of HSD with low sulphur content of 0.25% wt. (max.).
The present refining capacity of this Refinery is 8.00 MMTPA. Once through Hydrocracker (OHCU) project was commissioned in July’ 2000 as additional secondary processing unit. For meeting diesel and Motor Spirit quality, Diesel Hydro Treater (DHDT) and Penex units were commissioned in May’2005 and June’2005 respectively.
MS quality upgradation project for treatment of FCCU gasoline is under implementation for meeting the quality requirement of Motor Spirit.
*Digboi Refinery – (Assam) Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL):
The Refinery was set up at Digboi in 1901 by Assam Oil Company Limited. The Indian Oil Corporation Ltd. took over the Refinery and marketing management of Assam Oil Company Ltd. with effect from 14.10.1981 and created a separate division.
This division had both Refinery and Marketing operations. The Refinery at Digboi had an installed capacity 0.50 MMTPA. The refining capacity of the Refinery was increased to 0.65 MMTPA by modernization of refinery in July, 1996. A new Delayed Coking Unit of 1,70,000 TPA capacity was commissioned in 1999.
A new Solvent De-waxing Unit for maximizing production of micro-crystalline was installed and commissioned in 2003. The refinery has also installed Hydrotreater to improve the quality of diesel. Project for Motor Spirit Quality Upgradation is under implementation for meeting Motor Spirit quality requirement.
*Panipat Refinery – (Haryana) Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL):
The refinery was set up in 1998 at Baholi Village in Distt. Panipat, Haryana at a cost of Rs.3868 crores. The refining capacity of the refinery was 6.0 MMTPA. Refining capacity was expanded from 6 MMTPA to 12 MMTPA in Aug’ 2006. Major secondary units in the extended facilities includes Hydro-cracking Unit, Delayed Coking unit,
Diesel Hydro-treating Unit etc. Country’s largest Purified Terepthalic Acid (PTA) plant was commissioned in June’ 2006. Major projects under implementation are Naphtha.
Cracker project for generating value added products, Panipat refinery Additional Expansion Project (from 12 MMTPA to 15 MMTPA) and MS Quality Upgradation project for meeting Motor spirit quality requirement.
*Bongaigaon Refinery – (Assam) Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL):
Bongaigaon Refinery & Petrochemicals Ltd. (BRPL) was incorporated on 20th February 1974 as a Govt. Company fully owned by the Central Government with the objective of installation of the Refinery having a crude processing capacity of 1.0 MMTPA and a Petrochemical Complex consisting of Xylene, Di-Methyl Terepthalate (DMT) and Polyester Staple Fibre (PSF) Units.
The initial authorized capital of the Company was Rs.50 crores. The complex was built and commissioned in phases. The capacity of Crude Distillation Unit was increased to 1.35 MMTPA from April, 1987 by de-bottlenecking. The capacity of the Refinery has been increased to 2.35 MMTPA in June, 1995 by installing additional unit.
The authorized capital (equity) of the company was increased to Rs. 200 crores by December 1983 and the paid-up capital was increased Rs. 199.82 crores. The Government of India was holding the entire paid-up capital of the Company till 1990-91.
Government disinvested 25.54% of its share holding in BRPL to UTI and other Financial Institutions and employees of the Company during 1991-92 to 1993-94.The last disinvestments of 74.46% was made in favour of Indian Oil Corporation Ltd on 29th March 2001.
As a result BRPL became a subsidiary of Indian Oil Corporation Ltd. Bongaigaon Refinery & Petrochemicals Limited has been amalgamated with the holding company, Indian Oil Corporation Limited effective from March 25, 2009.
Diesel Hydrotreater and MS Quality upgradation projects are under implementation for meeting Diesel and Motor Spirit quality.
*Mumbai Refinery (Maharashtra) – Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Limited (HPCL):
Mumbai Refinery was commissioned in 1954 under the ownership of ESSO and was acquired by Govt. of India in March, 1974.
Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Limited (HPCL) was formed on 15th July 1974 after the merger of these companies. The capacity of Mumbai Refinery was 3.5 MMTPA which was increased to 5.5 MMTPA during 1985 after implementation of expansion programme.
Mumbai Refinery is also having Lube complex, which was commissioned in 1969 as a joint venture between Esso and Government of India with a capacity of 165 TMT per annum of LOBS.
In the year 1974, Lube India Ltd was fully taken over by Government of India and it was merged with HPCL.
In the year 1983 Lube refinery units were debottlenecked and capacity increased to 225 TMT per annum.
In the year 1995, Lube Refinery was further expanded by adding a new units and capacity increased to 335 TMT per annum of LOBS which is the largest in India even today.
In order to meet the Euro II/III specification of diesel, new project ‘Diesel Hydro Desulphurization’ (DHDS) project was commissioned in the year 2000. To upgrade MS quality from Euro-II to Euro-III & Euro-IV, Green Fuels & Emission Control Project (GFEC) has been commissioned in the year 2009.
*Visakh Refinery (Andhra Pradesh) - Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Limited (HPCL):
Visakha Refinery was commissioned with an installed capacity of 0.65 MMTPA by Caltex Oil Refining (India) Ltd. in 1957. This was one of the first major industries of Visakhapatnam and first oil Refinery on the East Coast.
The Refinery was taken over by the Government of India in 1976 and was subsequently merged with HPCL in 1978. Over the years the capacity of refinery was increased to 1.5 MMTPA by debottlenecking the units.
The major refinery capacity augmentation was taken up in 1985 by commissioning separate stream of 3.0 MMTPA Crude Distillation Unit (CDU-II), Fluidized Catalytic Cracking Unit (FCCU-II), Crude Oil receiving facilities at high seas (Off Shore Tanker Terminal) and associated tankage and product dispatch facilities. Thus the installed capacity was increased to 4.5 MMTPA. In the year 1999, Refinery capacity has been further increased from 4.5 MMTPA to 7.5 MMTPA.
In order to meet the Euro II/III specification of Diesel, new project ‘Diesel Hydro Desulphurization’ (DHDS) was commissioned in the year 2000. To upgrade MS quality from Euro-II to Euro-III & Euro-IV, Clean Fuels Project (CFP) has been commissioned in the year 2009.
*Mumbai Refinery (MAHARASHTRA) - Bharat Petroleum Corporation Ltd. (BPCL):
The Refinery at Mumbai came into stream in January, 1955 under the ownership of Burmah-Shell Refineries Ltd. Following the Government's acquisition of the Burmah-Shell, name of the Refinery was changed to Bharat Refineries Limited on 11.2.1976.
In August, 1977, the Company was given its permanent name, viz. Bharat Petroleum Corporation Ltd. The installed capacity of 5.25 MMTPA was increased to 6 MMTPA in 1985. With the successful commissioning of “Refinery Modernization Project” (RMP) in 2005, the current refining capacity stands at 12.00 MMTPA.
The Refinery uses latest microprocessor based Digital Distributed Control System (DDCS) and has been accredited with ISO 9002 (Quality Management System), the refinery has also been accredited with the unique distinction of a quality certification from NABL for “Quality Assurance Laboratory.
BPCL Mumbai refinery is the first Indian work site to achieve a Level 8 rating on the International Safety Rating System (ISRS), ISRS is a tool owned by Det Norske Veritas, UK for comparison benchmarking and development of safety management systems worldwide. ISO 14001 (Environmental Management System) certifications has also been conferred to the refinery for effective deployment of environmental care measures.
*Kochi Refinery (Kerala) - Bharat Petroleum Corporation Ltd. (BPCL):
The Kochi Refineries Ltd. (KRL), a public sector undertaking was set up in pursuance of a formation agreement dated 27th April, 1963 between Govt. of India, Phillips Petroleum Co. of USA and Duncan
Brothers of Calcutta.
The initial installed capacity of 2.5 MMTPA was increased to 3.3 in September, 1973 and to 4.5 MMTPA in November, 1994. The capacity of the Refinery was further increased to 7.5 MMTPA in December, 95.
Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited acquired the Government of India’s shares in KRL in March 2001. Pursuant to Order dated 18 August 2006 issued by Ministry of Company Affairs the refinery has been amalgamated with Bharat Petroleum Corporation to form BPCL Kochi Refinery.
The Refinery has implemented world class technology and systems for operations and enterprise resource planning. It is an ISO 14001 Environmental Management Systems (EMS) and ISO 9001:2000 Quality Management System (QMS) accredited company and has also obtained the ISO 17025 (Testing Methods in Quality Control) certification from NABL (National Accreditation Board for testing & Calibration of Laboratories).
With the prestigious Crude Oil receipt facilities consisting of the Single Point Mooring (SPM) and the associated shore tank farm in place since December 2007, the refinery is equipped to receive crude oil in Very Large Crude Carriers (VLCCs).
*Manali Refinery (Tamil Nadu) -Chennai Petroleum Corporation Ltd. (CPCL):
Chennai Petroleum Corporation Limited (CPCL), formerly known as Madras Refineries Limited (MRL) was formed as a joint venture in 1965 between the Government of India (GOI), AMOCO and National Iranian Oil Company (NIOC) having a share holding in the ratio 74%: 13%: 13% respectively.
From the grassroots stage CPCL Refinery was set up with an installed capacity of 2.5 Million Tonnes Per Annum (MMTPA) in a record time of 27 months at a cost of Rs. 43 crore without any time or cost overrun.
In 1985, AMOCO disinvested in favour of GOI and the shareholding percentage of GOI and NIOC stood revised at 84.62% and 15.38% respectively. Later GOI disinvested 16.92% of the paid up capital in favour of Unit Trust of India, Mutual Funds, Insurance Companies and Banks on 19th May 1992, thereby reducing its holding to 67.7 %. As a part of the restructuring steps taken up by the Government of India, Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL) acquired equity from GOI in 2000-01.
• Currently IOC holds 51.88% while NIOC continued its holding at 15.40%. Therefore, the CPCL became a subsidiary of IOCL in 2001. The Manali Refinery has a capacity of 9.5 MMTPA and is one of the most complex refineries in India with Fuel, Lube, Wax and Petrochemical feedstocks production facilities.
CPCL has also implemented the following “First of its kind” Project in the Oil industry:
• 5.8 MGD Sea Water Desalination Project to augment the water requirements of its Refinery at a cost of Rs.231 Crores.
• Under its Renewable Energy Initiative, a Wind Energy Farm with a capacity of 17.6 MW was commissioned at Pushpathur, Tamil Nadu in 2007 at a cost of Rs.90 Crores.
CPCL has commissioned a Wind Mill farm having 22 windmills with an installed capacity of 17.6 MW at Pushpathur, Tamil Nadu in September, 2007. The power generated is intended to be used by the Company’s captive Sea water Desalination Plant through a wheeling arrangement with Tamil Nadu Electricity Board (TNEB). Pending commissioning of Desalination Plan, the power generated is being sold to TNEB.
*Cauvery Basin Refinery (Nagapattinam-Tamil Nadu) – Chennai Petroleum Corporation Limited (CPCL):
CPCL's second refinery is located at Cauvery Basin at Nagapattinam. The initial unit was set up in Nagapattinam with a capacity of 0.5 MMTPA in 1993 and later on its capacity was enhanced to 1.0 MMTPA.
An Oil Jetty was commissioned in 2003 in Nagapattinam area for handling crude and products for Cauvery Basin Refinery.
*Numaligarh Refinery (ASSAM) - Numaligarh Refinery Limited (NRL):
Numaligarh Refinery, Popularly known as " Assam Accord Refinery" has been set up as a grass -root refinery at Numaligarh in the district of Golaghat (Assam) in fulfilment of the commitment made by Government of India in the historic "Assam Accord" , signed on 15-8-1985 for providing thrust towards industrial and economic development of Assam.
Numaligarh Refinery Limited (NRL) was incorporated as a Company on 22-4-1993. Commercial production of Numaligarh Refinery commenced from 1.10.2000. Current shareholding pattern of NRL is : Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited (61.65%), Oil India Limited (26%) and Government of Assam (12.35%). The refining capacity of this refinery is 3.0 MMTPA.
*Mangalore Refinery (KARNATAKA) - Mangalore Refinery and Petrochemicals Ltd(MRPL):
Mangalore Refinery and Petrochemicals Limited (MRPL) operates a grass root refinery with a capacity of 9.69 MMTPA, at Mangalore, on the West Coast in the ever green Dakshina Kannada District, about 350 kms, from Bangalore. The refinery’s first phase of 3.69 MMTPA was commissioned in March 1996 and the second phase of 6.00 MMTPA in September 1999.
MRPL was originally set up as a Joint Venture refinery, promoted by Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Ltd. (HPCL) and the Aditya Birla Group of Companies, pursuant to an MOU entered into amongst Govt. of India, HPCL and Indian Rayon (Aditya Birla Group of Companies). On 28th March, 2003 ONGC acquired the total shareholding of A.V. Birla Group and further infused equity capital of Rs.600 crores thus making MRPL a majority held subsidiary of ONGC.
The lenders also agreed to the Debt Restructuring Package (DRP) proposed by ONGC, which included, inter-alia, conversion upto 365 crore of their loans into equity. Subsequently, ONGC has acquired equity allotted to the lenders pursuant to DRP raising ONGC’s holding in MRPL to 71.62 percent.
The Refinery has got a versatile design with high flexibility to process Crudes with 24 to 46 API gravity and has high degree of Automation. MRPL is the only Refinery in India to have 2 Hydrocrackers producing Premium Diesel (High Cetane). It is also the only Refinery in India to have 2 CCRs producing Unleaded Petrol of High Octane.
MRPL has high standards in refining and environment protection matched by its commitments to society. MRPL has also developed a Green Belt around the entire Refinery with plant species specially selected to blend with the local flora.
*Tatipaka Refinery ( Andhra Pradesh) – Oil & Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC):
A mini refinery (Phase-I) of ONGC with capacity of 0.066 MMTPA with an approved cost of Rs.27.00 crore was commissioned in September, 2001 at Tatipaka in East Godavari District of Andhra Pradesh.
Under Phase-II, an additional refinery of same capacity of 0.066 MMTPA is under construction with an approved cost of Rs.43.85 crores.
*Reliance Petroleum Limited (RPL) (Private Sector), JAMNAGAR (GUJARAT):
Reliance Industries Limited (RIL) has two refineries. The present capacity of the first refinery is 33 MMTPA / day.
Post amalgamation of Reliance Petroleum Limited with RIL, RPL refinery ( a unit in Jamnagar SEZ) has become the second refinery of RIL. The Scheme of amalgamation is effective from 11th September, 2009 with an appointed date being 1st April, 2008. The capacity of the second refinery (SEZ) is 29 MMTPA / day.
*Essar Oil Limited (EOL) (Private Sector), VADINAR (GUJARAT):
The private sector refinery was commissioned in November 2006 with an installed capacity of 10.50 MMTPA at Vadinar, Gujarat.
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